Introduction In computer networks, a star topology is based on a spoke-hub structure. Every device (node) is connected directly to...

Introduction A Token Bus network uses a virtual ring over a physical bus (coaxial cable) to implement the Token Ring...

Introduction Ring topology is a network configuration in which each node is connected to exactly two other nodes, forming a...

Introduction Token Ring is a networking technology used to create local area networks (LANs). It was introduced by IBM in...

What is a Thermoelectric Generator? The term thermoelectric combines “thermal” (heat energy) and “electric” (electrical energy). A Thermoelectric Generator (TEG)...

Introduction The standing wave ratio (SWR) meter — also called an SWR metre, ISWR metre (current SWR), or VSWR metre...

Introduction Network simulation is a computer-based technique that replicates the behavior of real-world networks. It allows researchers and engineers to...

Introduction A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit or chip designed to render graphics for display on...

Introduction EtherCAT stands for “Ethernet for Control Automation Technology.” It is an Ethernet-based technology designed specifically for industrial automation systems....

Introduction Hamming codes are a type of linear error-correcting code used in computer science and telecommunications. They can detect and...