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Beaglebone Black Microcontroller : Specifications & Its Applications

Bhushan Chaudhary by Bhushan Chaudhary
September 6, 2022
in Knowledge Base
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  •  The Texas Instruments BeagleBoard is a low-power open-source single-board computer developed in collaboration with Digi-Key and Newark element14. The BeagleBoard was also designed to demonstrate Texas Instruments’ OMAP3530 system-on-a-chip and open-source software development. A small team of engineers created the board as an educational tool that could be used in colleges all over the world to teach open source hardware and software capabilities.
  •  BeagleBone Black is a low-cost, open-source development platform for hobbyists and developers. With just a single USB cable, you can boot Linux in under 10 seconds and begin development in less than 5 minutes.
  •  For developers and hobbyists, true open hardware, community-supported embedded computer.  With the SitaraTM ARM® Cortex-A8 processor, you can ride the 1GHz edge.
Beaglebone Black Microcontroller
  •  The Pin description of BeagleBone black is given below.
  •  BeagleBone Black has two expansion headers, P8 and P9, each with 46 pins capable of 3.3V I/O. The board will be damaged if 5V is applied to the pin.

Power Input

  •  The BeagleBone Black has two power inputs, one via a DC power Jack input port and the other via USB. The power input ratings for each port are different.

Power Output

  • The Beagle Bone has three power output pins that can be used to power external devices.
  • 1. The first pin provides 3V and is powered by an LDO (Low Dropout) and can be used for devices with a maximum current rating of 250mA. It is recommended to use an external power device if the ampere increases.
  • 2. The second power port outputs 5 volts and is powered by the DC Jack power supply pin. When the device is powered by a USB power pin, there will be no power on this pin. This pin’s current will be determined by the DC power input, but it will be limited to 1000mA.
  • 3. The third power port employs a regulator and draws power from both USB and DC sources. This pin’s voltage will be 5 volts, but the current will be determined by the power input.

Ground

  •  Every two devices require a common ground to function, and the BeagleBone Black has several of them. All of these pins are internally connected to the other peripherals. The following are all of the ground pins in BeagleBone Black.

In P8:

  • DGND – Pin1, Pin2, Pin43, Pin44, Pin45, Pin46

In P9:

  • DGND – Pin 1, 2

Power Button

  •  The power button is a unique feature of the BeagleBone Black. It enables an orderly shutdown of the device via an external pulse while saving all data. There is only one power button, and it is located in the expansion header P9.
  • Pin9 – PWR BUT

Reset Button

  •  The device has an external reset button that safely restarts it. The reset button is located in the P9 header, and its pin is as follows.
  • Pin10 – SYS RESET

GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pins

  • The device has nearly 69 I/O pins, but the rest can be used for other predefined functions. All of the I/O pins have 3.3V on them. All I/O pins on the BeagleBone Black are listed below.

 In P8 header:

GPIO_30 Pin11
GPIO_60 Pin12
GPIO_31 Pin 13
GPIO_40 Pin 14
GPIO_48 Pin 15
GPIO_51 Pin 16
GPIO_4 Pin17
GPIO_5 Pin18
GPIO_13 Pin19
GPIO_12 Pin20
GPIO_3 Pin21
GPIO_2 Pin22
GPIO_49 Pin23
GPIO_15 Pin24
GPIO_117 Pin25
GPIO_14 Pin26
GPIO_125 Pin27
GPIO_123 Pin28
GPIO_111 Pin29
GPIO_112 Pin30
GPIO_110 Pin31
GPIO_20 Pin41
GPIO_7 Pin42

In P9 header:

GPIO_38 Pin3
GPIO_39 Pin4
GPIO_34 Pin5
GPIO_35 Pin6
GPIO_66 Pin7
GPIO_67 Pin8
GPIO_69 Pin9
GPIO_68 Pin10
GPIO_45 Pin11
GPIO_44 Pin12
GPIO_23 Pin13
GPIO_26 Pin14
GPIO_47 Pin15
GPIO_46 Pin16
GPIO_27 Pin17
GPIO_65 Pin18
GPIO_22 Pin19
GPIO_63 Pin20
GPIO_62 Pin21
GPIO_37 Pin22
GPIO_36 Pin23
GPIO_33 Pin24
GPIO_32 Pin25
GPIO_61 Pin26
GPIO_86 Pin27
GPIO_88 Pin28
GPIO_87 Pin29
GPIO_10 Pin31
GPIO_11 Pin32
GPIO_9 Pin33
GPIO_81 Pin34
GPIO_8 Pin35
GPIO_80 Pin36
GPIO_78 Pin37
GPIO_79 Pin38
GPIO_76 Pin39
GPIO_77 Pin40
GPIO_74 Pin41
GPIO_75 Pin42
GPIO_72 Pin43
GPIO_73 Pin44
GPIO_70 Pin45
GPIO_71 Pin46

BB UART Communication Pins

  • It is one of the most widely used serial communication protocols for most systems and devices. Separate pins are used for transmitting and receiving data in this communication. There are several UART communication systems on the BeagleBone Black, all of which are listed below.

In P8:

UART5_TX Pin37
UART_RX Pin38

In P9:

UART1_TX Pin24
UART1_RX Pin26
UART2_TX Pin21
UART2_RX Pin22
UART4_TX Pin11
UART4_RX Pin13

SPI Communication pins

  • BeagleBone Black has two SPI communication pins. Both of these SPIs have their slaves selected. Because of the multiple slave selections, each device can communicate with two different types of SPI protocol devices. Expansion Header P9 contains both SPI communication pins.
SPI0_CS0 Pin17
SPI0_D0 Pin21
SPI0_D1 Pin18
SPI0_SCLK Pin22
SPI1_CS0 Pin28
SPI1_D0 Pin29
SPI1_D1 Pin30
SPI1_SCLK Pin31

I2C Communication Pins

  • Some sensors and servos use I2C, a different serial communication protocol. The BeagleBone has two I2C communication pairs, both of which are located in the P9 Expansion Header.
I2C1_SCL Pin17
I2C1_SDA Pin18
I2C2_SCL Pin19
I2C2_SDA Pin20

Analog to Digital Converter channels

  • On the BeagleBone, analog signals can be converted directly to digital signals. It employs a single 12-bit ADC channel for all seven A/D channels, which must be activated by applying 1.8V power via the ADC power pins. As shown below, the expansion header P9 contains all of the ADC channels and power pins: The pin diagram of the 2N4403 PNP transistor IC have shown below.
AIN0 Pin39
AIN1 Pin40
AIN2 Pin37
AIN3 Pin38
AIN4 Pin33
AIN5 Pin36
AIN6 Pin35
VDD_ADC Pin32
GND_ADC Pin34

Features and Specifications of Beaglebone Black Microcontroller

  • 2x PRU 32-bit microcontrollers.
  • 512MB DDR3 RAM.
  • 4GB 8-bit eMMC on-board flash storage.
  • 3D Graphics accelerator.
  • Floating-point accelerator.
  • USB client for power & communications.
  • USB host.
  • One Ethernet port.
  • HDMI port
  • 2x 46 pin headers.
  • SD/MMC interface.
  • UART, SPI, I2C, CAN built-in processor.
  • ADC, PWM, LCD built-in processor.

Applications of Beaglebone Black Microcontroller

  • Robotics
  • Motor controller
  • Controlling and monitoring using Display cape
  • Automation
  • IOT
  • AWS
  • Bluetooth connectivity projects
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