Power adapter

A power adapter is an external power supply used with devices that run on batteries or may behave no other power source. It is also known as an AC adapter, AC converter, or charger. Power adapters plug into a wall outlet, in addition, to convert AC to a single DC voltage.

AC adapters are used with electrical devices which require power but do not contain internal components to derive the required voltage and power from mains power. The internal circuitry of an external power supply is extremely similar to the design that would be used for a built-in or internal supply.

How it works?

AC adapters consist of a transformer, a rectifier, and an electronic filter. The transformer initially converts the mains electricity voltage which is relatively high voltage alternating current to a lower voltage suitable for the device being powered. A rectifier then converts alternating current into pulsating direct current and an electronic filter to smooth the pulsating waveform to DC, through residual ripple variations small enough to leave the powered device unaffected.

Pros

•  It is possible to respond by replacing the adapter When specifications such as the input voltage range change
• when the power supply fails, it is easy to replace
•  the number of parts used for the equipment can be reduced by using the power supply as a part of it and the cost of equipment can also be reduced.

Cons

• Sometimes the adapter could be heavy or else it might even get overheated.
• it becomes expensive when the special specification is required