Construction of dc motor

Whenever we talk about the construction of a motor, we know that all motor consists of two main component stator and rotor.

Stator-  Stator is the stationary part of the motor in which field winding is present. The stator provides a rotating magnetic field that drives the armature to rotate. A simple DC motor uses a stationary set of magnets in the stator, and a coil of wire with a current running through it to generate an electromagnetic field aligned with the center of the coil.

Armature –The armature is the rotary part of the motor that is normally located on the inside of the motor. It is a system of conductors or coil which is free to rotate on the supporting bearing.

Armature core – It is made up of high permeability thin silicon content steel laminations and the outer periphery of the core has slots to carry armature winding.

Armature winding – It is generally made up of copper wire and is wound over the armature core.

Yoke – The frame outside the motor is known as the yoke. The main function of the yoke is to provide mechanical support to the poles and field system, it also keeps the inner parts of the motor safe and also supports the armature. It is a magnetic frame made of cast iron or steel.

Poles – Poles are fit into the inner wall of the yoke. The field winding provides a magnetic field and because of that poles prove flux.

Pole shoe – Pole shoes are bigger than pole. The flux provided by the poles is distributed by the pole shoe in the gaps between the stator and armature. It is made up of cast steel or iron.

Field winding or stator magnets – They are electromagnets with such an arrangement so that adjacent poles have opposite polarity. They perform the function of producing the magnetic field.

Commutator – Commutator is cylindrical and is made of copper. It performs two basic functions one being collecting the current from the armature conductor and the other being converting the alternating current of the armature into the unidirectional current in the external circuit with the help of brushes.