Need of FACTS devices in power system

In a power system, coordination between the generation and demand is necessary. The demand for electrical energy increases day by day. To meet our demand as our requirement, it is necessary to operate all components at their maximum efficiency.

The FACTS devices are nothing but the device used to increase the efficiency of the transmission system. There are three types of power i.e Active power, Reactive power, and Apparent power. Active power is the useful power or true power that we want to transmit. But load consists of various energy stored elements that cause the reactive power.

There are two types of reactive power. The first one is the inductive type and another one is the capacitive type. Reactive power is necessary to maintain a balance between inductive reactive power and capacitive reactive power. Otherwise, the reactive power will flow throughout the transmission network and it causes a reduction in the capacity of transferring active power.

So, the techniques called compensation techniques are used to make a balance between inductive and capacitive reactive power. The inductive and capacitive reactive power can supply or absorbs by compensation techniques as our requirement. In this way, it improves the quality of power as well as the efficiency of the transmission network.